Avaliação do teor de macrominerais em dietas hospitalares orais

Abstract

Several pathologies, such as cancer, predispose the depletion of nutritional status, which makes it essential to offer a balanced diet, which highlights the role of minerals, due to their relevance in contributing to the treatment and recovery of patients. The objective of the study was to determine the levels of calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na) and phosphorus (P) in hospital meals (general, bland and pasty) and in an additional meal called complement oral food (CAO) that contained foods with added proteins, carbohydrates and / or fibers, and also evaluate the suitability of each macromineral in relation to nutritional recommendations (DRIs). Samples were collected in duplicate from six daily meals and from CAO on two non-consecutive days, from a hospital in Belo Horizonte (MG). Macrominerals were determined by an optical emission spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES). Statistical analyzes were performed using Stata 11.0 and the statistical significance was established as p <0.05. Variation in the supply of macrominerals by diets was observed in relation to the collection period, which stands out in the month of January, which contained the highest levels of analyzed minerals. The best profile of macrominerals was observed in the pasty diet. P demonstrated adequacy throughout the analysis while Na showed levels above UL. The content of macrominerals in oral hospital diets showed inadequacies in relation to RDA / AI and the use of CAO was effective in adapting the recommendations only for Ca.